I pulled the engine today. This is what I found in the transmission bell housing:
I removed the clutch and flywheel to access the studs. I didn't see any other possible sources of the leak, so I removed the nuts and cleaned everything. The washers got a coating of 10W30 and I applied a liberal amount of Permatex Black to the threads of the studs. I torqued everything down finger tight and waited 15 minutes for the sealant to set up before torquing everything to 10 lb-ft. I then waiting 30 minutes before torquing everything, incrementally, to 32 ft-lb. It needs a day to cure and then I'm going to flip the engine around and fill it with water to check for leaks.